Laryngeal Cancer
Overview
Laryngeal cancer begins in the voice box (larynx), a small organ in the throat that allows air to pass into the lungs, protects the airway when swallowing, and houses the vocal cords. Most laryngeal cancers start in the thin lining of the larynx and are often linked to smoking and heavy alcohol use.
Although this type of cancer is relatively uncommon, early symptoms such as persistent hoarseness, cough, and sore throat make it possible to detect and treat sooner. Prompt evaluation of voice changes or swallowing problems is key to finding laryngeal cancer at an earlier, more treatable stage.
Types of Laryngeal Cancer
Laryngeal cancers are grouped based on where they begin within the voice box. Most laryngeal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, which develop in the flat cells that line the throat. Rarer types include sarcomas, lymphomas, adenocarcinomas, and neuroendocrine carcinomas.
Starts in the upper part of the larynx above the vocal cords.
The most common type, forming on the vocal cords themselves.
Begins below the vocal cords and is less common.
Signs & Symptoms of Laryngeal Cancer
Symptoms depend on the location of the cancer, but common signs include:
- Persistent hoarseness or changes in your voice
- A lump or swelling in the neck or throat
- Difficulty swallowing or pain when swallowing
- A sore throat that does not improve
- Ear pain that does not resolve
- Breathlessness or noisy breathing
Voice changes often appear early, especially when cancer involves the vocal cords. Any hoarseness lasting longer than three weeks should be evaluated.
Treatments & Services
Treatment Options
Treatment for laryngeal cancer depends on where the cancer started, how advanced it is, and overall health. Care is often coordinated by a team of head and neck specialists. Common treatment approaches include:
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Laryngeal cancer requires specialized evaluation and a coordinated treatment plan. Our head and neck experts provide comprehensive diagnostics, personalized therapy options, and supportive care from diagnosis through recovery. Find a location near you to connect with a team experienced in treating cancers of the larynx.
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