Mesothelioma
Overview
Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer that develops in the mesothelium, the thin protective lining that covers many of the body's internal organs. It most often forms in the tissue surrounding the lungs, known as the pleura, which is called pleural mesothelioma. Less commonly, it can occur in the lining of the abdomen (peritoneal mesothelioma) or, very rarely, around the heart or testicles.
Although treatment options continue to advance, mesothelioma is often diagnosed at a later stage and can be challenging to cure. Early evaluation and a coordinated care approach are important for managing symptoms, improving quality of life, and determining the most effective treatment plan.
Signs & Symptoms
Mesothelioma symptoms often develop slowly and can vary based on where the cancer forms. Because early signs may resemble other common conditions, it is important to talk with a doctor if symptoms persist or worsen.
| Pleural Mesothelioma (lining around the lungs) | Peritoneal Mesothelioma (lining of the abdomen) |
|---|---|
| Chest discomfort or tightness | Abdominal pain or cramping |
| Persistent or painful cough | Abdominal swelling or fluid buildup |
| Shortness of breath | Nausea or changes in appetite |
| Unusual lumps or thickening under the skin of the chest | Unexplained weight loss |
| Unexplained weight loss or fatigue |
Other Rare Types of Mesothelioma
Pericardial mesothelioma, which affects the lining around the heart, may cause chest pain, irregular heartbeat, or trouble breathing.
Mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis, which forms around the testicles, is often first noticed as swelling or a painless mass in the scrotum.
If you notice ongoing or unusual symptoms in any of these areas, reach out to your doctor for evaluation.
Risk Factors
Mesothelioma is most closely linked to asbestos exposure, but several factors can influence a person's overall risk. Not everyone exposed to asbestos will develop mesothelioma, which suggests that genetics and other health factors also play a role.
Asbestos Exposure (Primary Risk Factor)
Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral once widely used in construction, insulation, automotive parts, and industrial materials. When asbestos-containing products are disturbed, tiny fibers can become airborne. If inhaled or swallowed, these fibers can lodge in the lining of the lungs or abdomen, causing long-term irritation that may lead to mesothelioma decades later.
Mesothelioma often develops 20 to 60 years after exposure, making it one of the longest latency periods of any cancer.
Additional Factors That May Increase Risk
While asbestos exposure remains the most significant factor, mesothelioma can occur in people without a known exposure history, highlighting the importance of early evaluation for persistent symptoms.
Working in industries such as construction, shipbuilding, mining, or manufacturing increases the likelihood of asbestos exposure.
Being around someone who works with asbestos can also be a risk. Asbestos fibers may be carried home on clothing, skin, or hair, exposing family members over time.
A close relative with mesothelioma may indicate a hereditary susceptibility that raises your personal risk.
Radiation therapy to the chest for other cancers may slightly increase the risk of developing mesothelioma later in life.
Treatments & Services
Treatment Options
Treatment for mesothelioma focuses on controlling disease growth, managing symptoms, and improving quality of life. The right approach depends on the type of mesothelioma, how far it has spread, and your overall health. Many patients receive a combination of therapies delivered by a multidisciplinary team experienced in treating this rare disease.
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If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with mesothelioma, expert care matters. Our multidisciplinary team includes specialists in medical oncology, thoracic surgery, radiation therapy, and supportive care, all working together to design a treatment plan tailored to your diagnosis and needs.
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