All Cancers & Diseases

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Cancers & Diseases Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare condition that most often begins as a slow-growing mucinous tumor in the appendix, though it can occasionally originate in other parts of the abdomen such as the bowel, ovary or bladder. These tumors produce a thick, jelly-like substance called mucin. When the appendix or another affected organ ruptures, tumor cells and mucin can spread across the lining of the abdomen, the peritoneum, where they gradually build up over time.PMP typically grows slowly and rarely spreads through the bloodstream or lymph nodes. Instead, it tends to stay within the abdominal cavity, spreading along internal surfaces and eventually putting pressure on nearby organs.

Cancers & Diseases Sarcoma

Sarcoma is a rare type of cancer that develops in the body's connective tissues, including muscle, fat, blood vessels, nerves, tendons, and bone. It can occur anywhere in the body, though it most often begins in the arms, legs, or abdomen.There are two main categories of sarcoma: soft tissue sarcoma, which starts in the soft or connective tissues, and bone sarcoma, which begins in the bones. Together, these include more than 70 different subtypes.Because sarcomas can develop in many parts of the body, treatment depends on the specific type, location, and stage of the disease. Early diagnosis and specialized care are key to improving outcomes.

Cancers & Diseases Secondary Lymph Node Cancer

Secondary lymph node cancer occurs when cancer cells spread to the lymph nodes from a cancer that began somewhere else in the body. This is different from lymphoma, which begins in the lymphatic system itself. When cancer reaches the lymph nodes, it is still made up of cells from the original tumor, which helps guide treatment.Because the lymphatic system plays a key role in the body's immune defense and is connected throughout the body, it is a common pathway for cancer cells to travel. Understanding how and why cancer spreads to lymph nodes is an important part of planning treatment and evaluating overall prognosis.

Cancers & Diseases Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a common form of cancer and develops when skin cells grow and divide in an uncontrolled way. It most often appears on areas of the skin that receive frequent sun exposure, but it can form anywhere on the body, including areas not typically exposed to sunlight. The three main types are:Basal cell carcinomaSquamous cell carcinomaMelanomaMelanoma is the least common but most serious type of skin cancer. It begins in melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. While melanoma typically develops on the skin, it can also occur in the eyes and, rarely, in internal areas such as the nose or throat.Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or tanning beds is the primary risk factor for most skin cancers, including melanoma. Although anyone can be affected, melanoma rates have risen in people under 40, especially women. Regular skin checks, sun protection, and knowing what warning signs to look for can help detect skin cancer early, when treatment is most effective.

Cancers & Diseases Small Bowel Cancer

Small bowel cancer is a rare cancer that forms in the small intestine, the long, muscular tube that connects the stomach to the large intestine and helps digest food, absorb nutrients, and supports the immune system. Although several types of cancer can arise in the small bowel, they are far less common than cancers of the colon or stomach. Early symptoms can be vague, which means many cases are diagnosed later in the disease course. Treatment depends on the specific type of small bowel cancer and how far it has grown or spread.

Cancers & Diseases Spinal Cord Tumors

Spinal cord tumors are abnormal growths that develop within the spinal canal or the bones of the spine. When a tumor begins inside the spinal cord or in the thin layers that surround it, it is called an intradural spinal cord tumor. Tumors that arise in the vertebrae, the bones that form the spine, are known as vertebral tumors. These tumors can press on the spinal cord or nearby nerves, leading to pain, mobility challenges, and changes in neurological function.Spinal cord tumors may be primary, meaning they start in the spine, or metastatic, meaning they have spread from cancer in another part of the body. Regardless of type, early diagnosis and coordinated care are important for protecting nerve function, relieving symptoms, and guiding the most effective treatment. Depending on the tumor's location and behavior, treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or other specialized therapies.

Cancers & Diseases Stomach Cancer

Stomach cancer, also called gastric cancer, begins when abnormal cells form and grow in the stomach. The stomach is a key organ in the upper abdomen that helps break down food during digestion. Stomach cancer can develop in any part of the stomach, though in the United States it is more likely to occur near the gastroesophageal junction, where the esophagus meets the stomach.While stomach cancer is relatively uncommon in the U.S., early detection and timely, specialized care can make a significant difference. Treatment depends on the type and location of the cancer and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of approaches.

Cancers & Diseases Testicular Cancer

Testicular cancer begins in the testicles, the hormone- and sperm-producing glands located within the scrotum. Although it is a relatively rare cancer overall, it is the most common cancer diagnosed in young men between the ages of 15 and 45.Testicular cancer is one of the most treatable solid tumors, with excellent outcomes even when the disease has spread beyond the testicle. Treatment is guided by the specific type and stage of the cancer and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of approaches.

Cancers & Diseases Thymus Cancer

Thymus cancer is a rare disease that begins in the thymus, a small gland located behind the breastbone that plays an important role in the immune system during childhood and adolescence. The two main types of thymus cancer are thymoma and thymic carcinoma, which develop from the gland's epithelial cells and behave differently in terms of growth and spread. While other cancers such as lymphomas, germ cell tumors and neuroendocrine tumors can also involve the thymus, thymoma and thymic carcinoma are considered the primary thymic cancers.Because early symptoms can be subtle or absent, thymus cancers are often found during imaging for another condition. Early evaluation and specialized care are important for determining the right treatment approach.

Cancers & Diseases Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer begins in the cells of the thyroid, a small butterfly-shaped gland at the base of the neck that helps regulate metabolism, heart rate, body temperature, and other essential functions. It is often found early, sometimes during imaging for unrelated concerns, and many thyroid cancers grow slowly. Others can be more aggressive, but most cases are highly treatable with prompt, appropriate care. While rates of diagnosis have increased in recent years, this is largely due to improved imaging technology that can detect very small thyroid tumors that may not have been identified in the past.

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The Center Insights Staying Safe in the Summer Heat: Tips for Cancer Patients

As summer temperatures peak and humidity lingers, cancer patients face unique challenges in the heat. Treatment and recovery can make it harder for the body to regulate temperature, stay hydrated, and avoid complications like heat exhaustion. With a few simple precautions, patients can stay safe and comfortable—even in the late-summer heat.Why Cancer Patients Need to Be Extra Cautious in the HeatCancer and its treatment, especially chemotherapy, radiation, and some immunotherapies, can make it harder for your body to regulate temperature, stay hydrated, and fight infection. Certain medications may increase your risk of sun sensitivity, fatigue, or even heat stroke. And if your immune system is weakened, crowded summer events may increase your exposure to illness.Simple Steps to Beat the HeatStay Hydrated: this is especially important, and often more difficult, for cancer patients during the summer months. Both cancer and its treatments can increase your risk of dehydration due to a range of side effects like reduced interest in food and drink, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Instead of waiting until you're thirsty, try sipping water regularly throughout the day. Avoid caffeine and alcohol, which can dehydrate you further and worsen symptoms.Time It Right: if you want to get fresh air and exercise, try to go outside early in the morning or later in the evening when the sun is lower and temperatures are cooler. Avoid peak sun hours between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.Dress for the Weather: choose lightweight, loose-fitting clothing and a wide-brimmed hat. Light colors can help reflect the sun's rays. Don't forget sunglasses that offer 100% UV protection to help protect your eyes—chemotherapy and radiation can make them more sensitive.Protect Your Skin: cancer treatments can make your skin more fragile or prone to sunburn. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher, even on cloudy days, and reapply every two hours, or after sweating or swimming. Shade is your best friend!Listen to Your Body: heat-related illness can come on quickly. Symptoms like dizziness, muscle cramps or weakness, nausea, rapid heartbeat, or confusion could signal dehydration or heat exhaustion. If you experience any of these, move to a cool place and contact your care team right away.Keep it Cool Indoors: if you don't have air conditioning at home, find public places with climate control, such as libraries, shopping centers, or designated cooling centers in your area.Maintain a Summer-Ready Emergency Kit: make sure you have access to water, snacks, any necessary medications, a charged phone, and contact information for your oncology care team.When to Call Your Care TeamLet your doctor know if you:Experience any signs of dehydration or heat illnessHave difficulty staying coolNotice changes in your skin (rashes, sunburn, peeling)Have persistent nausea, dizziness, or fatigue after being in the heatOur care team can offer you or a loved one personalized advice tailored to your treatment and symptoms, and help you adjust your plans as needed to stay safe.Enjoying Summer SafelyEven in the final stretch of summer, connection and joy are still possible with a little extra care. With the right precautions, cancer patients can safely enjoy the season's final weeks. By staying aware of the risks and making smart choices, cancer patients can enjoy the sunshine without putting their health at risk.For more guidance or questions about how your treatment may affect your end of summer plans, don't hesitate to contact our team at any time.

Published Date: November 6, 2025

The Center Insights Understanding Ovarian & Uterine Cancer: What Every Woman Should Know

Ovarian and uterine cancers are two of the most common types of gynecologic cancers, and they often don't receive the attention they deserve. These cancers affect thousands of women each year, which is why we believe it's important to raise awareness this month about the symptoms, risks, and importance of early detection.Whether you're learning for yourself or someone you love, here's what you need to know.Let's Start with the Basics: What Are Ovarian and Uterine Cancers?Both cancers begin in the reproductive organs, but differ in how they develop and present.Ovarian cancer starts in the ovaries or nearby tissues like the fallopian tubes or peritoneum. It's often called a "silent" cancer because early symptoms can be vague or mistaken for other conditions.Uterine cancer, also known as endometrial cancer, begins in the lining of the uterus. It's the most common gynecologic cancer in the U.S.Know the Warning SignsPaying attention to your body is key, especially when symptoms are persistent or unusual.Common symptoms of ovarian cancer can include:Vaginal bleeding or discharge that is unusual for youBloating or abdominal swellingPelvic or abdominal painFeeling full quickly when eatingChanges in urinary frequency and/or bowel habitsBack pain and fatigueUterine cancer symptoms may include:Abnormal vaginal bleeding (especially after menopause)Vaginal discharge that is unusual for youPelvic pain or pressurePain during intercourseThese symptoms don't always mean cancer, but they should never be ignored.There is no routine screening test for ovarian cancer, which makes symptom awareness more crucial. Diagnosis may involve pelvic exams, imaging (ultrasound or CT), blood tests like CA-125, or biopsy.Uterine cancer is often detected early due to abnormal bleeding. Diagnosis may involve an endometrial biopsy, transvaginal ultrasound, or dilation and curettage (D&C).Who is at Risk?While any woman can be affected, certain factors may increase the risk for these cancers:Age: most cases occur in women over 50Family history: especially of ovarian, breast, or colorectal cancerInherited genetic mutations: such as BRCA1/BRCA2 or Lynch syndromeHormone-related factors: early menstruation, late menopause, or hormone replacement therapyObesity and related health conditions: particularly in uterine cancerTreatment and Support: You're Not AloneBoth cancers are treatable, especially if caught early. Treatment often involves a combination of:SurgeryHysterectomy: removal of the uterus. It may also include removal of the cervix, ovaries, or fallopian tubes. After a hysterectomy, a woman can no longer get pregnant.Oophorectomy: removal of one or both ovaries. Often used to both treat and prevent ovarian cancer. Removing both ovaries causes immediate menopause.Radiation therapyChemotherapyHormone or targeted therapy, depending on the cancer type and stage (typically for more advanced cases)Care plans are always tailored to each woman's needs, talk to your primary care or OBGYN about what treatment options could best serve you.Be Your Own AdvocateUnderstanding your body, knowing your risks, and speaking up about symptoms are powerful tools in protecting your health. If something feels off, don't wait. Talk to your doctor; we are here to help.Whether you are facing a diagnosis, supporting a loved one, or simply educating yourself, awareness matters.

Published Date: September 18, 2025

Uterine Cancer

The Center Insights What Men Need to Know About Prostate Cancer Symptoms and Screening

Prostate cancer awareness is essential for early detection, effective treatment, and saving lives. It's the second most common cancer among men in the United States, yet many people know little about the risk factors, signs, and screening guidelines. During Prostate Cancer Awareness Month, we're here to help men and their families better understand this disease and the steps they can take to protect their health.Understanding Prostate CancerThe prostate is a small gland in the male reproductive system that helps produce semen. Prostate cancer begins when cells in the prostate grow out of control. Most cases grow slowly, but some types are more aggressive. That's why understanding your risk and screening options is key to catching it early.Risk Factors to KnowSeveral factors may increase a man's risk for prostate cancer, including:Age – risk increases significantly after age 50Family History – having a father, brother, or son with prostate cancer doubles your riskRace – black men are more likely to develop prostate cancer and to have more aggressive formsLifestyle Factors – obesity and poor diet may also play a roleIf you or someone you know has one or more of these risk factors, talk to a doctor about an earlier or more frequent screening.Symptoms and Early DetectionIn its early stages, prostate cancer often doesn't cause overly noticeable symptoms. However, as it progresses, symptoms may include:Early-Stage SymptomsDifficulty urinatingFrequent urination, especially at nightWeak or interrupted urine flowBlood in urine or semenPain in the back, hips, or pelvisLate-Stage SymptomsBack painBone painErectile DysfunctionFatigueWeight lossWeaknessBecause symptoms may not appear until later, regular screening is essential.Screening: When and HowThe most common screening tools include a PSA blood test and digital rectal exams.PSA Blood Test: Measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. Elevated levels may indicate cancer or other prostate conditions.Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A quick physical exam where a doctor checks the prostate for abnormalities.Screening guidelines vary, but many experts recommend starting conversations with your doctor at age 50 or earlier if you're high-risk.Diagnosing and Treating Prostate CancerIf your screening shows abnormal results, your provider may recommend imaging or a prostate biopsy. If cancer is confirmed, treatment may include:Active surveillance: monitoring slow-growing cancer with regular checkupsSurgery: removing the prostate gland (prostatectomy)Radiation therapy: using high-energy rays to target and kill cancer cellsHormone therapy: reducing testosterone levels to slow cancer growthChemotherapy: used for more advanced or aggressive cancersImmunotherapy: helping the body's immune system recognize and attack cancer cellsYour care team will work with you to determine the best plan based on your cancer type, stage, and overall health.Support for the Whole JourneyA prostate cancer diagnosis can be overwhelming, but you're not alone. Our team is here to provide expert care, personalized treatment plans, and support every step of the way. This includes everything from diagnosis through survivorship.

Published Date: September 3, 2025

Prostate Cancer